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 UFN, 2015, Volume 185, Number 8, Pages 829–843 (Mi ufn5323)

PHYSICS OF OUR DAYS

Physical laboratory at the center of the Galaxy

V. I. Dokuchaevab, Yu. N. Eroshenkob

a National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow
b Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Abstract: We review the physical processes that occur at the center of the Galaxy and that are related to the supermassive black hole SgrA* residing there. The discovery of high-velocity S0 stars orbiting SgrA* for the first time allowed measuring the mass of this supermassive black hole, the closest one to us, with a $10%$ accuracy, with the result $M_h=(4.1\pm0.4)\times10^6M_\odot$. Further monitoring can potentially discover the Newtonian precession of the S0 star orbits in the gravitational field of the black hole due to invisible distributed matter. This will yield the ‘weight’ of the elusive dark matter concentrated there and provide new information for the identification of dark matter particles. The weak accretion activity of the ‘dormant quasar’ at the galactic center occasionally shows up as quasiperiodic X-ray and near-IR oscillations with mean periods of 11 and 19 min. These oscillations can possibly be interpreted as related to the rotation frequency of the SgrA* event horizon and to the latitude oscillations of hot plasma spots in the accretion disk. Both these frequencies depend only on the black hole gravitational field and not on the accretion model. Using this interpretation yields quite accurate values for both the mass $M_h$ and the spin $a$ (Kerr rotation parameter) of SgrA*: $M_h= (4.2\pm0.2) \times10^6M_\odot$ and $a=0.65\pm0.05$.

 Funding Agency Grant Number Russian Academy of Sciences - Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations ÎÔÍ-17 Russian Foundation for Basic Research 13-02-00257 Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation ÍØ 3110.2014.2 The work was supported by the Program of the Division of Physical Sciences of RAS OFN-17 and the RFBR grants 13-02-00257 and NSh 3110.2014.2.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3367/UFNr.0185.201508c.0829

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English version:
Physics–Uspekhi, 2015, 58:8, 772–784

Bibliographic databases:

PACS: 95.35.+d, 97.60.Lf, 98.35.Gi, 98.35.Jk
MSC: 85A15, 83C57
Accepted: June 9, 2015

Citation: V. I. Dokuchaev, Yu. N. Eroshenko, “Physical laboratory at the center of the Galaxy”, UFN, 185:8 (2015), 829–843; Phys. Usp., 58:8 (2015), 772–784

Citation in format AMSBIB
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This publication is cited in the following articles:
1. Johannsen T., “Testing the no-hair theorem with observations of black holes in the electromagnetic spectrum”, Class. Quantum Gravity, 33:12 (2016), 124001
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3. Dokuchaev V.I., Eroshenko Yu.N., “Dark matter distribution and annihilation at the Galactic center”, International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics (ICPPA-2015), Pts 1-4, Journal of Physics Conference Series, 675, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2016, 012004
4. V. I. Dokuchaev, N. O. Nazarova, “Gravitational lensing of a star by a rotating black hole”, JETP Letters, 106:10 (2017), 637–642
5. A. F. Zakharov, P. Jovanovic, D. Borka, V. B. Jovanovic, “Graviton Mass Evaluation With Trajectories of Bright Stars At the Galactic Center”, International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Journal of Physics Conference Series, 798, eds. A. Galper, A. Petrukhin, A. Taranenko, I. Selyuzhenkov, M. Skorokhvatov, S. Rubin, V. Dmitrenko, Gur, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2017, UNSP 012081
6. A. Zakharov, P. Jovanovic, D. Borka, V. B. Jovanovic, “Graviton Mass Bounds From An Analysis of Bright Star Trajectories At the Galactic Center”, Xxiii International Baldin Seminar on High Energy Physics Problems Relativistic Nuclear Physics and Quantum Chromodynamics (Baldin Ishepp Xxiii), EPJ Web Conf., 138, eds. S. Bondarenko, V. Burov, A. Malakhov, EDP Sciences, 2017, UNSP 01010
7. V. Dokuchaev, N. Nazarova, “Star Motion Around Rotating Black Hole in the Galactic Center in Real Time”, 3Rd International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics (Icppa 2017), Journal of Physics Conference Series, 934, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2017, UNSP 012044
8. A. Zakharov, “The Black Hole At the Galactic Center: Observations and Models in a Nutshell”, 3Rd International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics (Icppa 2017), Journal of Physics Conference Series, 934, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2017, UNSP 012037
9. A. F. Zakharov, “The black hole at the galactic center: observations and models”, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, 27:6, SI (2018), 1841009
10. A. F. Zakharov, P. Jovanovic, D. Borka, V. B. Jovanovic, “Constraining the range of Yukawa gravity interaction from S2 star orbits III: improvement expectations for graviton mass bounds”, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 2018, no. 4, 050
11. A. F. Zakharov, “Constraints on tidal charge of the supermassive black hole at the galactic center with trajectories of bright stars”, Eur. Phys. J. C, 78:8 (2018), 689
12. Dokuchaev V.I., Nazarova N.O., Smirnov V.P., “Event Horizon Silhouette: Implications to Supermassive Black Holes in the Galaxies M87 and Milky Way”, Gen. Relativ. Gravit., 51:6 (2019), 81
13. Dokuchaev V.I. Nazarova N.O., “Event Horizon Image Within Black Hole Shadow”, J. Exp. Theor. Phys., 128:4 (2019), 578–585
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