Temperature dependence of the spall strength and equation of state for austenitic chromium–nickel steel 18-10

The spall strength of austenitic steel 12Kh18N10T was measured for times of $\sim$ 10$^{-7}$ s in the temperature range of 77–580 K. The feature at $\sim$ 140 K, which was caused by the mutual influence of spallation and austenite transformation into martensite under tension, was revealed in the temperature–time dependence of the spall strength. A decrease in the spall strength with an increase in temperature was revealed in the temperature range of 300–580 K, which was interpreted in terms of the kinetic strength concept. The published experimental data on the rupture life at times of $\sim$ 10$^7$ s, which agree with the temperature–time dependence of the spall strength in a microsecond range of loading times, were considered. The equation of state of austenitic steel 18-10 was constructed and used to analyze the temperature history of loading in the compression–unloading–tension during spallation.