Paramagnetic defects in manganese-doped lead tungstate

In manganese-doped PbWO$_4$ crystals, low-intensity signals of triclinic clusters Mn$^{4+}$–$V_{\mathrm O}$ and Fe$^{3+}$–$V_{\mathrm{Pb}}$ have been revealed in addition to signals of Mn$^{2+}$ tetragonal centers. The Mn$^{4+}$–$V_{\mathrm O}$ cluster is formed by a Mn$^{4+}$ ion in the W$^{6+}$ position, which is associated with a vacancy of the nearest neighbor O$^{2-}$ ion, and the Fe$^{3+}$–$V_{\mathrm{Pb}}$ cluster consists of a Fe$^{3+}$ ion substituting for Pb$^{2+}$ with a local compensation of by a lead vacancy. It has been shown that, in PbWO$_4$: Mn, there is also a small amount of Mn$^{4+}$ tetragonal centers located in the Pb$^{2+}$ position with a nonlocal compensation of an excess charge.