Metal-semiconductor (semimetal) superlattices on a graphite sheet with vacancies

It has been found that periodically closely spaced vacancies on a~graphite sheet cause a~significant rearrangement of its electronic spectrum: metallic waveguides with a~high density of states near the Fermi level are formed along the vacancy lines. In the direction perpendicular to these lines, the spectrum exhibits a~semimetal or semiconductor character with a~gap where a~vacancy miniband is degenerated into impurity levels.