Analysis of the effect of relief depth on the diffraction efficiency of reflection and transmission phase-relief diffraction gratings

Numerical computations are used to study the effect of the relief depth on the diffraction efficiency (DE) of perfect reflection and transmission phase-relief diffraction gratings with a sine-shaped profile. It is demonstrated that the dependence of the DE on the relief depth exhibits a maximum for diffraction in both reflection and transmission configurations. For transmission gratings, the relief depth that corresponds to the maximum DE exponentially decreases with increasing refractive index.