Temperature behavior of magnetoelectric interaction in composite PZT-nickel disk resonators

The temperature dependences of the characteristics of magnetoelectric interaction in composite disk resonators made up of Ni and PZT layers are studied. Measurements are taken on monolithic resonators, prepared by electrolytic deposition of Ni on PZT, and resonators prepared by gluing Ni and PZT layers. In the temperature interval 220–380 K, the frequency of the monolithic resonators changes by up to 16% and that of the glued resonators, by 4.5%. It is shown that the efficiency of magnetoelectric interaction declines with increasing temperature, since (i) the piezoelectric modulus and piezomagnetic coefficient of the layers vary, (ii) the PZT permittivity rises, and (iii) the layer-to-layer adhesion weakens due to softening of the glue. The results can be used in developing techniques for stabilizing the magnetoelectric interaction characteristics of composite structures.