Polarization anomalies of microwave radiation and additional electromagnetic waves in deformable ice covers

Polarization measurements are performed for the intensity of microwave radiation at frequencies 13–14 GHz passing through fresh-water ice cover parallel to the interface between the media. The reasons for the emergence of additional electromagnetic waves are investigated. In experiments, the formation of two types of additional electromagnetic waves determined by the plane-layer geometry of the medium (coherent waves) and by the fluidity of ice under the action of mechanical stresses (incoherent waves) is observed.