Size, morphology and structure of the particles of zirconia nanopowder obtained under hydrothermal conditions

The morphological and dimensional parameters of the nanoparticles ZrO$_2$, synthesized under hydrothermal conditions are determinate by transmission electron microscopy, small-angle and wide angle X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, adsorption and desorption of gases on the surface. It is shown that only a joint analysis of the results of several methods allows obtaining reliable information about these parameters of the nanoparticles. On the basis of the study obtained under hydrothermal conditions ZrO$_2$ nanoparticles are characterized by an oval (nearly round) shape, narrow particle size distribution and average size of about 12–18 nm.