Optical coherence tomography in elastography and angiography

An overview of modalities that are new for biomedical diagnostics and that have emerged in recent years in optical coherence tomography (OCT)—optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and optical coherence elastography (OCE)—is given. These modalities are extensions of OCT imaging technology, which is based on the principles of low-coherence interferometry and celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2021. The basic principles of OCTA and OCE are outlined, the appearance of which was largely stimulated by earlier similar functional extensions in medical ultrasound. A number of results are presented that illustrate previously inaccessible possibilities opened up by the new modalities for biomedical applications. The article is an extended version of the report presented at the Scientific Session of the Division of Physical Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, held on December 13, 2021.