Abstract:
The principles and capabilities of the time-resolved pumping and X-ray probing method are outlined. Pumping methods and probing features involving different pulsed X-ray sources (laboratory, synchrotron, free-electron lasers) are considered. Methods for improving time resolution are discussed. Also given are examples of applying the method to study a wide range of objects using X-ray microscopy, X-ray Laue diffraction, small- and large-angle scattering, absorption, and photoelectron spectroscopy.