Graphene-based supercapacitors

Problems of supercapacitor development have been considered related to the enhancement of operating characteristics of systems such as specific energy storage, specific released energy, charging-discharging time, and the ability to withstand the maximum charge-discharge cycling times without lowering the stored energy. One of the approaches to solving the above-listed problems relates to the use of graphene and related materials as electrodes for supercapacitors. The presented article reviews studies addressing the investigation of graphene-based materials with the aim of their use in supercapacitors. Special attention is devoted to hybrid systems in which graphene-based materials are used in combination with metal oxides. Such systems, called pseudocapacitors, possess higher operation characteristics than conventional supercapacitors do due to the possibility of executing electro-chemical processes at the interface between the electrode and electrolyte.