Magnetohydrodynamic models of astrophysical jets

In this review, analytical results obtained for a wide class of stationary flows in the vicinity of compact astrophysical objects are analyzed with an emphasis on quantitative predictions for specific sources. Recent years have witnessed a great increase in understanding the formation and properties of astrophysical jets. This is due not only to new observations but also to advances in analytical theory, which has produced fairly simple relations, and to what can undoubtedly be called a breakthrough in numerical simulation, which has enabled confirmation of theoretical predictions. Of course, we are yet very far from fully understanding the physical processes occurring in compact sources. However, the progress made raises hopes for near-future test observations that can give insight into the processes occurring in active astrophysical objects.