Phase diagram of $\mathrm{La}_{2-x}M_x\mathrm{CuO}_4$ as the key to understanding the nature of high-$T_c$ superconductors

Results of high-$T_c$ superconductivity studies are analyzed using the authors' model, which assumes that the interaction of electrons with two-site negative-$U$ centers (due to charged dopant localization near impurity ions) is responsible for many anomalous properties, and indeed the very superconductivity, of high-$T_c$ superconductors. It is shown that the basic properties of high-$T_c$ superconductors and the details of the superconducting and magnetic phase diagrams of $\mathrm{La}_{2-x}M_x\mathrm{CuO}_4$ ($M=\mathrm{Ba},\mathrm{Sr}$) can be explained by this model.