Modeling the division of biological cells in the stage of metaphase on the “Lomonosov-2” supercomputer

This paper is devoted to the construction of a mathematical model for a biological cell to describe the process of its division during the $M$-phase. We propose a refinement for one of the well-known models by extending it from two-dimensional to three-dimensional case. The modified model is implemented as an universal software package for modeling the cell division in the stages of prometaphase, metaphase, and anaphase on workstations and supercomputers. Using this software and the “Lomonosov-2” supercomputer, we study the relation between the size of the kinetochore active area and the number of merotelic attachments in the metaphase. It is shown that the observed correlation is not a result of geometric constraints, as it was earlier assumed, but is an effect of large rotation angles of chromosome pairs.