Abstract:
We consider the Schrödinger equation $ih\partial_t\psi=H\psi$, $\psi=\psi(\cdot,t)\in L^2(\mathbb{T})$. The operator $H=-\partial^2_x+V(x,t)$ includes a smooth potential $V$, which is assumed to be time $T$-periodic. Let $W=W(t)$ be the fundamental solution of this linear ODE system on $L^2(\mathbb{T})$. Then, according to the terminology from Lyapunov–Floquet theory, $\mathcal M=W(T)$ is the monodromy operator. We prove that $\mathcal M$ is unitarily conjugated to $D+\mathcal C$, where $D$ is diagonal in the standard Fourier basis, while $\mathcal C$ is a compact operator with an arbitrarily small norm.
Keywords:
Floquet theory, monodromy operator, method of averaging.
The work was carried out within the framework of the development program of the regional scientific and educational mathematical center (YarSU) with financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (agreement on the subsidies from the federal budget No. 075-02-2024-1442).